Compare Saint Helena (2004) - Hungary (2003)

Compare Saint Helena (2004) z Hungary (2003)

	Saint Helena (2004)	Hungary (2003)

Administrative divisions	1 administrative area and 2 dependencies; Ascension, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*	19 counties (megyek, singular - megye), 20 urban counties* (singular - megyei varos), and 1 capital city** (fovaros); Bacs-Kiskun, Baranya, Bekes, Bekescsaba, Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen, Budapest, Csongrad, Debrecen, Dunaujvaros, Eger, Fejer, Gyor, Gyor-Moson-Sopron, Hajdu-Bihar, Heves, Hodmezovasarhely, Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok, Kaposvar, Kecskemet, Komarom-Esztergom, Miskolc, Nagykanizsa, Nograd, Nyiregyhaza, Pecs, Pest, Somogy, Sopron, Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, Szeged, Szekesfehervar, Szolnok, Szombathely, Tatabanya, Tolna, Vas, Veszprem, Veszprem, Zala, Zalaegerszeg
Age structure	0-14 years: 18.9% (male 710; female 689) 15-64 years: 71.4% (male 2,739; female 2,559) 65 years and over: 9.7% (male 319; female 399) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 16.1% (male 832,033; female 787,336) 15-64 years: 69% (male 3,406,046; female 3,523,118) 65 years and over: 14.9% (male 544,099; female 952,775) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)	wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs, cattle, poultry, dairy products
Airports	1 (2003 est.)	49 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 17 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 9 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 32 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 16 under 914 m: 8 (2002)
Area	total: 410 sq km land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands	total: 93,030 sq km land: 92,340 sq km water: 690 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Indiana
Background	Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.	Hungary was part of the polyglot Austro-Hungarian Empire, which collapsed during World War I. The country fell under Communist rule following World War II. In 1956, a revolt and announced withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact were met with a massive military intervention by Moscow. Under the leadership of Janos KADAR in 1968, Hungary began liberalizing its economy, introducing so-called "goulash Communism." Hungary held its first multiparty elections in 1990 and initiated a free market economy. It joined NATO in 1999 and is scheduled to accede to the EU along with nine other states on 1 May 2004. In an April 2003 referendum, 84 percent voted in favor of joining the EU.
Birth rate	12.68 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	9.32 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $11.2 million expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)	revenues: $13 billion expenditures: $14.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital	Jamestown	Budapest
Climate	Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)	temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers
Coastline	60 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	1 January 1989	18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997 amendment streamlined the judicial system
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Saint Helena	conventional long form: Republic of Hungary conventional short form: Hungary local long form: Magyar Koztarsasag local short form: Magyarorszag
Currency	Saint Helenian pound (SHP)	forint (HUF)
Death rate	6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	13 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	NA (1996)	$31.5 billion (2002 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Nancy Goodman BRINKER embassy: 1054 Szabadsag ter 12, Budapest mailing address: pouch: American Embassy Budapest, 5270 Budapest Place, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-5270 telephone: [36] (1) 475-4400 FAX: [36] (1) 475-4764
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Andras SIMONYI chancery: 3910 Shoemaker Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6730 FAX: [1] (202) 966-8135 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York
Disputes - international	none	Hungary has yet to amend status law extending special social and cultural benefits to ethnic Hungarians in neighboring states, who protest the law
Economic aid - recipient	$12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)	ODA $250 million (2000)
Economy - overview	The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.	Hungary has made the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy, with a per capita income one-half that of the Big Four European nations. Hungary continues to demonstrate strong economic growth and to work toward accession to the European Union in May 2004. The private sector accounts for over 80% of GDP. Foreign ownership of and investment in Hungarian firms are widespread, with cumulative foreign direct investment totaling more than $23 billion since 1989. Hungarian sovereign debt was upgraded in 2000 to the second-highest rating among all the Central European transition economies. Inflation has declined substantially, from 14% in 1998 to 4.7% in 2003; unemployment has persisted around the 6% level. Germany is by far Hungary's largest economic partner. Short-term issues include the reduction of the public sector deficit to 3% in 2004 and avoiding unjustified increases in wages.
Electricity - consumption	4.65 million kWh (2001)	35.15 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	7.261 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	10.43 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (2001)	34.39 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 60.1% hydro: 0.5% nuclear: 39% other: 0.3% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m	lowest point: Tisza River 78 m highest point: Kekes 1,014 m
Environment - current issues	NA	the approximation of Hungary's standards in waste management, energy efficiency, and air, soil, and water pollution with environmental requirements for EU accession will require large investments
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%	Hungarian 89.9%, Roma 4%, German 2.6%, Serb 2%, Slovak 0.8%, Romanian 0.7%
Exchange rates	Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998),	forints per US dollar - 257.89 (2002), 286.49 (2001), 282.18 (2000), 237.15 (1999), 214.4 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since 1999); Michael CLANCY (taking office in October 2004) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Ferenc MADL (since 4 August 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Peter MEDGYESSY (since 27 May 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 6 June 2000 (next to be held by June 2005); prime minister elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president election results: Ferenc MADL elected president; percent of legislative vote - NA% (but by a simple majority in the third round of voting); Peter MEDGYESSY elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA% note: to be elected, the president must win two-thirds of legislative vote in the first two rounds or a simple majority in the third round
Exports	NA (2001)	47,180 bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities	fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts	machinery and equipment 57.6%, other manufactures 31.0%, food products 7.5%, raw materials 1.9%, fuels and electricity 1.9% (2001)
Exports - partners	US 26.7%, Tanzania 21.9%, Indonesia 9.4%, UK 8.7%, Japan 7.4%, Netherlands 7.2%, Nigeria 6.8%, Poland 5%, Spain 4.9% (2003)	Germany 34.3%, Austria 8.5%, Italy 5.5%, France 5.4%, US 4.9%, UK 4.5% (2002)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship	three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green
GDP	purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.)	purchasing power parity - $134 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	agriculture: 4.1% industry: 33.8% services: 62.1% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)	purchasing power parity - $13,300 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA	3.3% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	15 56 S, 5 42 W	47 00 N, 20 00 E
Geography - note	harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns	landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin; the north-south flowing Duna (Danube) and Tisza Rivers divide the country into three large regions
Heliports	-	5 (2002)
Highways	total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km) paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000)	total: 188,203 km paved: 81,680 km (including 438 km of expressways) unpaved: 106,523 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: 4.1% highest 10%: 20.5% (1998)
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and cannabis and for South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; limited producer of precursor chemicals, particularly for amphetamine and methamphetamine; improving, but remains vulnerable to money laundering related to organized crime and drug trafficking
Imports	NA (2001)	136,600 bbl/day (2001)
Imports - commodities	food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts	machinery and equipment 51.6%, other manufactures 35.3%, fuels and electricity 8.2%, food products 2.9%, raw materials 2.0% (2001)
Imports - partners	UK 29.1%, South Africa 24.7%, Spain 16.4%, Italy 8.8%, Tanzania 8.2%, US 5.8% (2003)	Germany 25.3%, Austria 7.7%, Italy 7.5%, Russia 6%, China 5%, France 5% (2002)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	1001 (unification by King Stephen I)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	3.1% (2002 est.)
Industries	construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing	mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles
Infant mortality rate	total: 19.85 deaths/1,000 live births male: 23.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 8.58 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.73 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.2% (1997 est.)	5.3% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	ABEDA, Australia Group, BIS, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UNU, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU (associate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	16 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	2,100 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court	Constitutional Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly for nine-year terms)
Labor force	3,500 note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)	4.2 million (1997)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)	services 65%, industry 27%, agriculture 8% (1996)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 2,171 km border countries: Austria 366 km, Croatia 329 km, Romania 443 km, Serbia and Montenegro 151 km, Slovakia 677 km, Slovenia 102 km, Ukraine 103 km
Land use	arable land: 12.9% permanent crops: 0% other: 87.1% (2001)	arable land: 52.2% permanent crops: 2.46% other: 45.34% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	Hungarian 98.2%, other 1.8%
Legal system	NA	rule of law based on Western model
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15	unicameral National Assembly or Orszaggyules (386 seats; members are elected by popular vote under a system of proportional and direct representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 7 and 21 April 2002 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party (5% or more of the vote required for parliamentary representation in the first round) - Fidesz/MDF 48.70%, MSzP 46.11%, SzDSz 4.92%, other 0.27%; seats by party - Fidesz 164, MSzP 178, MDF 24, SzDSz 20
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.57 years male: 74.67 years female: 80.61 years (2004 est.)	total population: 72.17 years male: 67.84 years female: 76.81 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 20 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.4% male: 99.5% female: 99.3% (2003 est.)
Location	islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa	Central Europe, northwest of Romania
Map references	Africa	Europe
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none	total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) 3,784 GRT/5,500 DWT ships by type: cargo 1
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	-	Ground Forces, Air Forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$1.08 billion (2002 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.75% (2002 est.)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 2,541,426 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 2,026,912 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 64,305 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)	Saint Stephen's Day, 20 August
Nationality	noun: Saint Helenian(s) adjective: Saint Helenian	noun: Hungarian(s) adjective: Hungarian
Natural hazards	active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha	-
Natural resources	fish	bauxite, coal, natural gas, fertile soils, arable land
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	0.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	-	gas 4,397 km; oil 990 km; refined products 335 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders	none	Alliance of Free Democrats or SzDSz [Gabor KUNCZE]; Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Laszlo VARGA, chairman]; Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz-MPP [Jozsef SZASER, chairman]; Hungarian Democratic Forum or MDF [Ibolya DAVID]; Hungarian Democratic People's Party or MDNP [Erzsebet PUSZTAI, chairman]; Hungarian Justice and Life Party or MIEP [Istvan CSURKA, chairman]; Hungarian Socialist Party or MSzP [Laszlo KOVACS, chairman]; Hungarian Workers' Party or MMP [Gyula THURMER, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	7,415 (July 2004 est.)	10,045,407 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	8.6% (1993 est.)
Population growth rate	0.62% (2004 est.)	-0.29% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown	Budapest, Dunaujvaros
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 17, FM 57, shortwave 3 (1998)
Railways	-	total: 7,875 km broad gauge: 36 km 1.524-m gauge standard gauge: 7,620 km 1.435-m gauge (2,628 km electrified) narrow gauge: 219 km 0.760-m gauge note: Hungary and Austria jointly manage a cross-border, standard-gauge railway connecting Gyor, Sopron, and Ebenfurt (Gysev railroad) with a route length of 101 km in Hungary and 65 km in Austria; 156 km of this line is electrified (2002)
Religions	Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic	Roman Catholic 67.5%, Calvinist 20%, Lutheran 5%, atheist and other 7.5%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.57 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	NA years of age	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: can communicate worldwide domestic: automatic network international: country code - 290; HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension Island, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: the telephone system has been modernized and is capable of satisfying all requests for telecommunication service domestic: the system is digitalized and highly automated; trunk services are carried by fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay; a program for fiber-optic subscriber connections was initiated in 1996; heavy use is made of mobile cellular telephones international: Hungary has fiber-optic cable connections with all neighboring countries; the international switch is in Budapest; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean regions), 1 Inmarsat, 1 very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system of ground terminals
Telephones - main lines in use	2,200 (2002)	3.095 million (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1997)	1.269 million (July 1999)
Television broadcast stations	0 note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002)	35 (plus 161 low-power repeaters) (1995)
Terrain	Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin	mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border
Total fertility rate	1.54 children born/woman (2004 est.)	1.25 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	14% (1998 est.)	5.8% (2002 est.)
Waterways	-	1,373 km (permanently navigable) (1997)

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